December 2009 Archives

December 24, 2009

Florida Illegal Seizure Leads to Suppression of Cocaine

In Florida, evidence that is obtain as a result of an unlawful search or seizure can be suppressed. Normally, a Jacksonville Criminal Defense Lawyer will analyze the case to determine whether an illegal search or seizure has occurred. If one has taken place, the Jacksonville Criminal Defense Lawyer will likely filing a motion to suppress any evidence retrieved due to such conduct.

For instance, the Florida Third District Court of Appeals held that the defendant's motion to suppress should have been granted, because the cocaine that she was charged with possessing was found as a result of unlawful police detention. In Hidelgo v. State, Ms. Hidelgo was the passenger of a vehicle that was stopped due to a traffic violation. She and the driver consented to a search of the vehicle. During this search, police patted down Ms. Hidelgo, handcuffed her, and placed her in the police car. The police did not find anything in the vehicle, and Ms. Hidelgo and the driver were free to leave. After this, an officer searched the back of the car in which Ms. Hidelgo was held. He found a plastic bag with cocaine. The officers stopped the vehicle once again and arrested Ms. Hildelgo. She was charged with Florida Possession of Cocaine.

The Florida Third District Court of Appeals ruled that the stop and search of the vehicle were legitimate. Although Ms. Hidelgo consented to the search of the vehicle, the State of Florida did not present evidence to establish that she "consented to being handcuffed and place by herself in the back of a police vehicle for a lengthy period of time." She was treated as if she was under arrest as she was not free to leave.

Under Florida Law, a law enforcement officer may detain an occupant during a valid search of the premises in order to:

  1. prevent flight in the event that incriminating evidence is found;
  2. minimize the risk of violence to officers or others; and
  3. orderly complete a search.  
However, police must use the least restrictive means to do so.  Police cannot routinely handcuff a person to conduct an investigatory stop.  Their actions must be reasonable in response to the situation.  In fact, "absent other threatening circumstances, once the pat down reveals the absence of weapons, the handcuffs should be removed."  The court found that "valid consent to search a vehicle does not authorize law enforcement officers to order the occupants out of the vehicle and place them in handcuffs for a lengthy period of time in the back of the police vehicle."  

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December 23, 2009

Jacksonville Home Invasion Armed Robbery Investigation Leads to Two Arrests

On Saturday night, December 19, 2009, Jacksonville police officers found Jacksonville resident, Corey Formey, dead in his home near 103rd Street. Two suspects have been arrested in connection with this case. Jerry Drake was arrested for the murder, while Valorie Grant is being charged as an accessory after the fact. Both defendants lived in Chase Ridge Apartments, the same apartment complex as Mr. Formey.

Police believe that the Mr. Drake committed the Jacksonville home invasion armed robbery in order to obtain drugs and money. According to Jacksonville media reports, Mr. Formey was a drug dealer. His apartment was found in disarray, so it is likely that a struggle may have occurred, or the culprit searched the home for drugs and money.

Mr. Drake will be charged with first degree murder in Jacksonville, Florida, because the murder was committed while engaged in a robbery. According to Florida Statute Section 782.04, this is a capital felony punishable by death or life in prison. If Mr. Drake used of a firearm, he will be subject to Florida's 10-20-Life Statute, resulting in a minimum mandatory sentence of life in prison. Since Ms. Grant is charged an accessory after the fact for first-degree murder, she will be charged with a first-degree felony, pursuant to Florida Statute Section 777.03. She can receive up to thirty years in Florida State Prison.

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December 22, 2009

Florida Search and Seizure: Mere Possession of a Weapon is Not Grounds to Search

Unreasonable searches and seizures are unconstitutional. If a police officer violates this prohibition against unlawful searches and seizures, any evidence that was found due to such violation can be suppressed. Therefore, the evidence cannot be introduced at trial.

In Florida, there are three types of police encounters:

  1. a consensual encounter in which a person is free to leave at any time;
  2. a investigatory stop (Terry Stop) in which the person is not free to leave, but the police officer may only pat the subject down and the officer must have a well-founded suspicion of criminal activity; and
  3. an arrest that is supported by probable cause to believe that a crime has occurred (or is being committed).  
Recently, the Florida Fourth District Court of Appeals addressed this issue.  In Regalado v. State, an anonymous tipster informed police that Mr. Regalado was in possession of a firearm.  An officer stopped Mr. Regalado and patted him down.  As a result, he founded a gun on Mr. Regalado.  Mr. Regalado filed a Motion to Suppress the weapon due to an unlawful search and seizure.  The trial denied Mr. Regalado's motion.  The Florida appellate court reversed this decision and granted his motion.  The court ruled that:

"the only information received by the officer was that the individual had a gun.  Possession of a gun is not illegal in Florida.  Even if it is concealed, it is not illegal if the carrier has obtained a concealed weapons permit.  Although the officer observed a bulge in Regalado's waistband, which in his experience looked like a gun, no facts and circumstances were presented to show that Regalado's carrying a concealed weapon was without a permit and thus illegal."

Since the officer did not have a well-founded suspicion that the Defendant was involved in criminal activity, he did not have grounds to conduct an involuntary search and seizure.  When a police officer violates the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution, as applied to the States via the Fourteenth Amendment, it is important to suppress the evidence obtained as a result of the search or seizure.  If you believe that you have been subjected to such, you should contact a Jacksonville Criminal Attorney to discuss your rights.  A Jacksonville Criminal Attorney that has experience suppressing evidence recovered due to unlawful searches and seizures can investigate whether your rights were violated.  


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December 16, 2009

Can You Be Stopped for a Cracked Windshield in Florida?

Is a police officer permitted to stop a driver with a cracked windshield in Florida? It depends. A Florida driver can be stopped problems with a windshield if the windshield violates a provision listed in Florida Statute Section 316.2952 or Section 316.610.  A cracked windshield would be covered in Section 316.610.  However, a stop is only permissible under this Section if the crack poses a safety hazard.  This would make the vehicle unsafe and allows the officer to stop the driver, because he has a particularized and objective basis to believe that the driver is violating the law.  

On the other hand, if the windshield does not create a safety hazard, the officer does not have reason to stop the driver.  In

Hilton v. State, the Florida Supreme Court ruled that marijuana seized as a result of a stop pursuant to Section 316.610 was obtained illegally.  The court held that there was no evidence to establish that the crack in Hilton's windshield rendered his vehicle unsafe.  Thus, there was no evidence to support an objectively reasonable suspicion that the vehicle was unsafe and in violation of the statute.  

Like Mr. Hilton, criminal defendants are often stopped because of traffic infractions, such as a cracked windshield, in Florida.  While some stops may be legitimate, others are not.  Therefore, it is important to have a Jacksonville Criminal Attorney review the facts surrounding the stop to determine if a motion to suppress should be filed based on an illegal stop.   

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December 3, 2009

Jacksonville Juvenile to Face Criminal Charges for Downtown Shooting

Jacksonville Juvenile, Quintavis Seay, is only 16-years-old and charged with the homicide of a 20-year-old Jacksonville man, Jeremy Godboldt.  According to local reports, Seay was involved in a physical altercation with Godboldt and his brothers.  At some point, Seay allegedly shot Godboldt, who was later pronounced dead at the hospital.

Seay will likely be charged as an adult.  If he is charged with murder, he could face life in prison without parole, despite his age.  Since the shooting death stemmed from a fight between the alleged victim (Godboldt) and the Jacksonville criminal defendant (Seay), I would not be surprised to see Seay's Jacksonville Criminal Defense Lawyer argue that Seay acted in self-defense.  This is even more plausible considering that Godboldt's two brothers may have assisted him in the fight.  Also, reports state that "the fight that led to Godboldt's death was part of an ongoing dispute between him and Seay."  Therefore, we need to look at all the evidence, including prior contact between these two people, to see if Seay acted reasonably under the circumstances.

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